Abstract This systematic review examined the effects of paternal exposure to a high-fat diet on the likelihood of offspring developing health consequences, including metabolic conditions. While the connection between a mother’s diet and offspring health has been well established, our understanding of whether offspring health is affected by a father’s diet remains limited. This systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) recommendations. The PubMed, Scopus, and Embase electronic databases were searched using combinations of the MESH terms: obesogenic diet, high-fat diet, cafeteria diet, paternal diet, parental diet, programming, paternal effects, and paternal programming. Sixteen studies were selected after assessing articles for eligibility criteria. The main outcomes concerning offspring health related to metabolic disorders. The offspring of fathers exposed to a high-fat diet displayed elevated gene expression and serum levels of leptin, decreased gene expression and serum levels of adiponectin, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, changes in the transcriptome of pancreatic islet tissues, increased triglycerides, and increased expression of lipogenic genes. The available evidence suggests that paternal exposure to a high-fat diet may induce harmful effects on the health of offspring.

Abstract The accelerated data and apps growth represents significant challenges to the next generation of mobile networks. Amongst them, it is highlighted the necessity for a co-existence of new and old patterns during the transition of architectures. Thus, this paper has investigated solutions for offloading into a hybrid architecture, also known as H-CRAN (Heterogeneous Cloud Radio Access Network Architecture), that centralizes processing and searches a better use of the network resources. The strategy of optimization was analyzed through the evolutive algorithm PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization), in order to find a suboptimal solution to the TLA (Two-Level Allocation) in the H-CRAN architecture and another one based on FIFO (First In, First Out), for benchmarking purposes. SNR (Signal-to-noise ratio) average, Maximum Bit Rate, the number of users with or without connections and number of connections in RRHs and macro were used as performance measurements. Through the results, it was noticed an improvement of approximately 60% in the Maximum Bit Rate when compared to the traditional approach, enabling better service to the users.

OBJETIVO: descrever as notificações de procedimentos inadequados na administração de imunobiológicos no município de Ribeirão Preto, estado de São Paulo, Brasil. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo com dados das fichas de notificação preenchidas pelos profissionais das salas de vacinas, encaminhadas à Vigilância Epidemiológica municipal entre janeiro de 2007 e junho de 2012. RESULTADOS: administração fora da idade recomendada representou 33,9% dos procedimentos inadequados, enquanto intervalos inadequados entre as doses representaram 24,7%; dos profissionais envolvidos, 80,1% receberam algum treinamento em sala de vacinas; as vacinas que tiveram mais notificações de procedimentos inadequados foram para rotavirus (22,0%) e febre amarela (15,6%). CONCLUSÃO: administração fora da idade indicada e intervalos inadequados entre doses das vacinas foram os procedimentos inadequados mais frequentes, apesar de a maioria dos profissionais ter recebido treinamento; identificar procedimentos inadequados é importante para subsidiar a capacitação e adoção de medidas preventivas.

OBJECTIVE: to describe the notification of inadequate procedures in immunobiological product administration in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo state, Brazil. METHODS: Descriptive study using data from notification forms filled out by health professionals working in vaccine rooms and sent to the municipal Epidemiological Surveillance service from January 2007 to June 2012. RESULTS: 33.9% of inadequate procedures related to products administered outside the recommended age range. 24.7% related to inadequate intervals between doses. 80.1% of health professionals involved had received some form of vaccine room training. Vaccines having the highest numbers of notifications were the rotavirus vaccine (22.0%) and the yellow fever vaccine (15.6%). CONCLUSION: administration outside indicated age and inadequate intervals between doses were the most occurring inadequate procedures, even though most of the professionals had received training. Identifying inadequate procedures is important to support training processes and the adoption of preventive measures.

OBJETIVO:descrever as notificações de procedimentos inadequados na administração de imunobiológicos no município de Ribeirão Preto, estado de São Paulo, Brasil.MÉTODOS:estudo descritivo com dados das fichas de notificação preenchidas pelos profissionais das salas de vacinas, encaminhadas à Vigilância Epidemiológica municipal entre janeiro de 2007 e junho de 2012.RESULTADOS:administração fora da idade recomendada representou 33,9% dos procedimentos inadequados, enquanto intervalos inadequados entre as doses representaram 24,7%; dos profissionais envolvidos, 80,1% receberam algum treinamento em sala de vacinas; as vacinas que tiveram mais notificações de procedimentos inadequados foram para rotavirus (22,0%) e febre amarela (15,6%).CONCLUSÃO:administração fora da idade indicada e intervalos inadequados entre doses das vacinas foram os procedimentos inadequados mais frequentes, apesar de a maioria dos profissionais ter recebido treinamento; identificar procedimentos inadequados é importante para subsidiar a capacitação e adoção de medidas preventivas.

OBJECTIVE:to describe the notification of inadequate procedures in immunobiological product administration in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo state, Brazil.METHODS:Descriptive study using data from notification forms filled out by health professionals working in vaccine rooms and sent to the municipal Epidemiological Surveillance service from January 2007 to June 2012.RESULTS:33.9% of inadequate procedures related to products administered outside the recommended age range. 24.7% related to inadequate intervals between doses. 80.1% of health professionals involved had received some form of vaccine room training. Vaccines having the highest numbers of notifications were the rotavirus vaccine (22.0%) and the yellow fever vaccine (15.6%).CONCLUSION:administration outside indicated age and inadequate intervals between doses were the most occurring inadequate procedures, even though most of the professionals had received training. Identifying inadequate procedures is important to support training processes and the adoption of preventive measures.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dentin shear bond strength of four adhesive systems (Adper Single Bond 2, Adper Prompt L-Pop, Magic Bond DE and Self Etch Bond) in regards to buccal and lingual surfaces and dentin depth. Forty extracted third molars had roots removed and crowns bisected in the mesiodistal direction. The buccal and lingual surfaces were fixed in a PVC/acrylic resin ring and were divided into buccal and lingual groups assigned to each selected adhesive. The same specimens prepared for the evaluation of superficial dentin shear resistance were used to evaluate the different depths of dentin. The specimens were identified and abraded at depths of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mm. Each depth was evaluated by ISO TR 11405 using an EMIC-2000 machine regulated at 0.5 mm/min with a 200 Kgf load cell. We performed statistical analyses on the results (ANOVA, Tukey and Scheffé tests). Data revealed statistical differences (p < 0.01) in the adhesive and depth variation as well as adhesive/depth interactions. The Adper Single Bond 2 demonstrated the highest mean values of shear bond strength. The Prompt L-Pop product, a self-etching adhesive, revealed higher mean values compared with Magic Bond DE and Self Etch Bond adhesives, a total and self-etching adhesive respectively. It may be concluded that the shear bond strength of dentin is dependent on material (adhesive system), substrate depth and adhesive/depth interaction.

Este artigo relata o caso de uma paciente de 55 anos que apresentava no arco mandibular coroas provisórias insatisfatórias nos pré-molares do lado direito e uma prótese parcial fixa de molar a pré-molar no lado esquerdo. Os exames clínico e radiográfico revelaram uma fratura do primeiro pré-molar esquerdo que era um retentor da prótese parcial fixa e teve a extração indicada. Inicialmente, as coroas provisórias foram substituídas por novas e uma prótese parcial removível provisória foi confeccionada com resina acrílica e grampos de fio ortodôntico a fim resolver os problemas relacionados à perda da prótese parcial fixa. Considerando a forte demanda estética da paciente, foram discutidas as opções de tratamento protético definitivo. Foi proposta a reabilitação com prótese implanto-suportada uma vez que as condições clínicas do rebordo alveolar se apresentavam adequadas para instalação de implantes e a saúde geral da paciente era excelente. Entretanto, a paciente não concordou com o tratamento proposto, alegando saber de um caso clínico em que houve insucesso na reabilitação por prótese implanto-suportada em um paciente diabético. Ela foi inteiramente informada de que a colocação de implantes era a melhor indicação para seu caso, mas os argumentos não foram suficientes para mudar sua decisão. As possibilidades de tratamento foram apresentadas e a paciente optou por uma prótese parcial removível (PPR) retida a grampos associada com coroas nos dentes pilares. Na seqüência, a PPR provisória foi substituída por uma PPR definitiva. Embora a PPR não tivesse sido a primeira escolha, foram obtidos resultados estéticos e funcionais satisfatórios, superando as expectativas da paciente. Este relato de caso ilustra que o dentista deve estar preparado para enfrentar situações em que, por razões que não possam ser administradas, o paciente não aceite o tratamento considerado mais indicado para seu caso. Alternativas devem ser propostas e as exigências estéticas e funcionais devem ser contempladas da melhor maneira possível.

This article reports the case of a 55-year-old female patient who presented with unsatisfactory temporary crowns in the right mandibular premolars and molars, and a premolar-to-molar fixed partial denture in the left side. The clinical and radiographic examinations revealed a fracture of the left first premolar that was a retainer of the fixed partial denture and required extraction. Initially, the acrylic resin crowns were replaced by new ones, and a provisional RPD was made using acrylic resin and orthodontic wire clasps to resolve the problem arising from the loss of the fixed partial denture. Considering the patient's high esthetic demands, the treatment options for the definitive prosthetic treatment were discussed with her and rehabilitation with implant-supported dentures was proposed because the clinical conditions of the residual alveolar ridge were suitable for implant installation, and the patient's general health was excellent. However, the patient did not agree because she knew of a failed case of implant-retained denture in a diabetic individual and was concerned. The patient was fully informed that implant installation was the best indication for her case, but the arguments were not sufficient to change her decision. The treatment possibilities were presented and the patient opted for a clasp-retained removable partial denture (RPD) associated with the placement of crowns in the pillar teeth. The temporary RPD was replaced by the definitive RPD constructed subsequently. Although RPD was not the first choice, satisfactory esthetic and functional outcomes were achieved, overcaming the patient's expectations. This case report illustrates that the dentist must be prepared to deal with situations where, for reasons that cannot be managed, the patient does not accept the treatment considered as the most indicated for his/her case. Alternatives must be proposed and the functional and esthetic requirements must be fulfilled in the best possible manner.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficiência da abrasão a ar associada ou não ao condicionamento com ácido fosfórico na resistência à tração de um sistema restaurador composto por adesivo frasco único/resina composta indireta (Bond 1/Alert) ao esmalte humano. Quarenta superfícies de esmalte de terceiros molares humanos extraídos foram alocadas em 4 grupos (n=10). Foi utilizado o sistema de ar abrasivo Mach 4.1 (Kreativ Inc.) durante 20 s. Um sistema especial de pares de hastes alinhadas em um equipamento específico foi usado para realização dos testes de tração, de acordo com a Norma ISO/TR 11405 (1994) com algumas modificações. Os valores médios obtidos foram: G1 (ar abrasivo + lavagem + resina condensável Alert) = 3,46 ± 0,83 MPa; G2 (ar abrasivo + lavagem + adesivo Bond 1 + Alert) = 4,00 ± 1,60 MPa; G3 (ar abrasivo + lavagem + ácido fosfórico 37% + lavagem + Bond 1 + Alert) = 20,80 ± 3,95 MPa; e G4 (ácido fosfórico 37% + lavagem + Bond 1 + Alert) = 17,00 ± 2,74 MPa. Pela análise estatística (teste Kruskal Wallis), G1 e G2 apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significante em relação a G3 e G4 (p<0,01) e G1 e G3 não diferiram dos grupos G2 e G4, respectivamente (p>0,05).

This study evaluated the efficiency of air abrasion alone and associated with phosphoric acid etching on tensile bond strength of a single-bottle adhesive/indirect composite restorative system (Bond 1/Alert) to human enamel. Forty enamel surfaces from extracted human third molars were assigned to 4 groups (n= 10). Mach 4.1 (Kreativ Inc.) air abrasion equipment was used for 20 s. A special system of rod pairs aligned in a specific apparatus was used for tensile strength tests, according to ISO/TR 11405 standard (1994) with some modifications. Bond strength means were: G1 (air abrasion + rinsing + condensable composite resin Alert) = 3.46 ± 0.83 MPa; G2 (air abrasion + rinsing + Bond 1 adhesive system + Alert) = 4.00 ± 1.60 MPa; G3 (air abrasion + rinsing + 37% phosphoric acid + rinsing + Bond 1 + Alert) = 20.80 ± 3.95 MPa; and G4 (37% phosphoric acid + rinsing + Bond 1 + Alert) = 17.00 ± 2.74 MPa. The statistical analysis by Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that G1 and G2 presented statistically significant difference (p< 0.05) from G3 and G4 (p<0.01) and G1 and G3 did not differ significantly (p> 0.05) from G2 and G4, respectively.

Durante a confecção de restaurações de cerâmica aderidas, a adaptação cervical, o ajuste oclusal e o polimento/acabamento final são procedimentos a serem executados no consultório odontológico após a cimentação adesiva. Os ajustes finais podem resultar na perda do "glaze" da cerâmica, o que requer novo polimento da superfície da restauração, necessitando de atenção especial em relação aos materiais e instrumentos adequados. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficiência de diferentes veículos associados a pastas diamantadas indicadas para polimento de cerâmicas odontológicas. Duas pastas de polimento diamantadas (Crystar Paste and Diamond Excell) associadas a quatro veículos (taça de borracha, escova de Robinson, roda de feltro e disco de feltro) foram avaliadas. A cerâmica Ceramco II foi selecionada para a confecção dos espécimes. A rugosidade superficial (Ra) dos espécimes de cerâmica foi determinada por um rugosímetro. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância a dois critérios e ao teste de Tukey com nível de significância de 5%. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante (p>0,01) entre as pastas de polimento avaliadas. Contudo, houve diferença significante (p<0,01) entre os veículos. A interação veículo-pasta revelou diferença significante (p<0,05). Conlcuir que: 1) A escova de Robinson, a roda de feltro e o disco de feltro foram veículos efetivos para serem usados em associação com as pastas de diamante; 2) O uso da taça de borracha como veículo foi menos eficiente para o polimento mecânico das superfícies cerâmicas; 3) Ambas as pastas de polimento apresentaram comportamento similar e eficiente e podem ser indicadas para o polimento final de restaurações cerâmicas com um veículo apropriado

During fabrication of bonded ceramic restorations, cervical adaptation, occlusal adjustment and final finishing/polishing are procedures to be performed at the dental office after adhesive cementation. Final adjustments may result in loss of ceramic glaze, which requires new polishing of the ceramic surface, with special attention for selection of adequate materials and instruments. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of different vehicles associated with diamond pastes indicated for dental ceramic polishing. Two polishing pastes (Crystar Paste and Diamond Excell) associated with four vehicles (rubber cup, Robinson bristle brush, felt wheel and buff disc) were evaluated. Disc-shaped specimens were fabricated from Ceramco II dental ceramic. Surface roughness means (Ra) of the ceramic specimens were determined with a rugosimeter. Data were analyzed statistically by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test at 5% significance level. There was no statistically significant difference (p>0.01) between the polishing pastes. However, there were statistically significant differences (p<0.01) among the tested vehicles. Vehicle-paste interaction showed statistically significant difference (p<0.05) as well. It may be concluded that: 1) Robinson bristle brush, felt wheel and buff disc were efficient vehicles to be used in association with a diamond polishing paste; 2) The use of rubber cup as a vehicle showed poor efficiency for mechanical polishing of the ceramic surfaces; 3) Both pastes provided similar and efficient polishing and may be recommended for use with an appropriated vehicle.

A Odontologia de nossos tempos conta com inúmeros recursos para o tratamento de pacientes. Com o desenvolvimento dos materiais adesivos e a introdução de novas técnicas restauradoras, a estrutura dental pode receber diferentes tipos de tratamentos superficiais. O uso do fluxo de óxido de alumínio em alta velocidade para a remoção de estrutura dental foi descrito por Black em 1945, no entanto, a literatura pertinente ao uso do jato de óxido de alumínio ainda permanece escassa no que se refere às alterações produzidas na estrutura dental. Atualmente, com o desenvolvimento de novos equipamentos de ar abrasivo, o procedimento de microabrasão vem sendo incorporado a várias técnicas restauradoras adesivas no preparo de superfícies dentais e superfícies internas de restaurações indiretas, as quais receberão a aplicação de materiais adesivos. O objetivo simples deste estudo foi avaliar as alterações produzidas pelo uso do ar abrasivo sobre o esmalte dental por meio de microscopia eletrônica de varredura, observando-se as alterações micromorfológicas superficiais. A importância deste estudo baseia-se no fato de que tratamentos superficiais alternativos químicos e mecânicos venham a ser introduzidos para o condicionamento de superfícies, inclusive do esmalte dental.

Dentistry nowadays can count on a wide range of resources to treat patients. With the development of adhesive materials and several newly introduced restorative techniques, the dental structure can be subjected to different sorts of surface treatment. The use of aluminum oxide flow at high speed to remove dental structure was described by Black in 1945, however, the literature regarding the use of aluminum oxide jet is still scarce, as far as the alterations occurring in the dental structure are concerned. At the present, with the development of new abrasive air equipment, microabrasion has been added to several adhesive restorative techniques, in the preparation of the dental surface and of inner surfaces of indirect restorations, which will receive the application of adhesive materials. The aim of this study was to assess the alterations produced by abrasive air applied on the dental enamel by means of electronic microscopy, taking into consideration micromorphological surface alterations. The importance of this study is based on the fact that alternative surface treatments both chemical and mechanical could be introduced in surface priming, including dental enamel priming.